Khoom Taw Qhia

17 qhov ua rau loj thiab tswj cov neeg tsis zoo ntawm cov kav hlau canal

Nyob rau xyoo 1960 thiab 1970s, kev tsim cov hlau cupola yog feem ntau siv ntawm Coke (loj lumpiness, tsawg dua cov ntsiab lus carbon, qis dua cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tub rog); Cov hlau ua kua kub yog tsawg; Kev npaj ntawm spheroiding tus neeg sawv cev siv tsis zoo tag nrho; Cov leej faj thiab phosphorus cov ntsiab lus ntawm npua hlau yog siab, yog li qhov zoo ntawm nodular cam khwb cia hlau tsim yog tsis zoo, thiab lub spheroiding zoo tsis ruaj khov. Tam sim no, kev tsim cov kav hlau yog feem ntau smelted los ntawm hluav taws xob tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab theem ntawm cov cua sov kub yog yooj yim los tswj; Qhov zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyoos xws li npua hlau yog qhov zoo; Muaj ntau hom spheroiding cov neeg sawv cev thiab cov khoom zoo zoo, yog li qhov zoo ntawm cov hlau du ntau yog qhov yooj yim los tswj. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo yog tseem yog ib qho tsis xws luag nyob hauv cov kav hlau cadile.

Cov neeg tsis zoo nodulation yog manifested nyob rau hauv lub pob txha lov ntawm lub Casting (feem ntau saib cov pob txha me me ntawm lub rooj pag Lub suab uas tau tsim los ntawm kev khob lub ntsej muag tsis meej; Muaj ntau tus tuab tuab dua graphite ntawm daim hlau me me, qee zaus kev sib cav sib ceg, lossis cov leeg ua kom tuab, hauv cov tuab sileter graphite kuj tseem yog heev puag ncig).

Cov ua rau ntawm cov neeg txom nyem tshwj xeeb feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm peb pawg tsis tshua muaj zog, tab sis thaum lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj zog los tsim cov qhov dawb thiab shrinkage); Tsis muaj zog lossis poob qis; Kev cuam tshuam cov ntsiab lus siab dhau.

Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, muaj ntau yam uas ua rau cov teeb meem txom nyem, suav nrog cov teeb meem kev ua haujlwm, teeb meem kev ua haujlwm, thiab teeb meem kev tswj hwm.

1. Tsis zoo ntawm cov neeg sawv cev

Txawm hais tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm mg thiab re nyob rau hauv lub pobkuv zoo li kev ua kom zoo, tab sis nws ua rau cov hlau tsis zoo, tab sis nws ua rau cov hlau tsis zoo los tsim cov khoom tsis zoo; Spheriding Tus neeg sawv cev muaj cov ntsiab lus tsawg xws li CA, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog khaus thaum kho, thiab mg yog hlawv ntau dua.

Kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas: Tsis txhob siv cov nplauv tsis zoo (los tshawb xyuas cov neeg muag khoom, cov chaw tsim khoom, ua ntej yuav ib qho me me, sim thiab mam li yuav khoom). Tus neeg sawv cev nodulating yog qhov yooj yim los ua oxidized los ntawm ya raws thaum muab tso rau ntev.

2. Kev kho mob tsis raug cai nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub cub tawg

Tom qab nodulating tus neeg sawv cev tau hliv rau hauv lub pas dej tauv, tus sawv cev nodulating tsis yog tusyees patted. Qhov saum npoo npog yog me me, lossis cov txheej txheem npog yog nyias, thiab cov tshuaj tsw qab ntawm cov khoom siv nodule, tab sis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab

Tus neeg tiv thaiv kev: Ncuav tus neeg sawv cev rau hauv lub hauv qab ntawm lub hnab ntim khoom, thiab tom qab ntawd tau muab cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg rau saum toj no thiab tom qab ntawd cov tuab tuab ntawm cov tuab nrib hlau nplaum hlau phaj. Qhov no tsis tsuas yog ua kom sib txawv ntawm cov alloy, tab sis kuj muaj ib qho tuab ntawm cov txheej npog.

3. Cov khoom siv hlau hlau qub muaj cov ntsiab lus faj sulfur siab

Sulfur yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb despheroiding, thiab cov kab mob faj sulfur cov ntsiab lus yuav cuam tshuam rau cov tsis zoo ntawm nodulating. Thaum WS> {{{{0. 06% nyob rau hauv thawj cov hlau ua kua, nws yog qhov nyuaj kom tau txais cov khoom lag luam tsim tau zoo txawm tias muaj cov neeg sawv cev sib ntxiv. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm nodularization, mg nyob rau hauv nodulating tus neeg sawv cev nrog s hauv mgs, thiab cov seem uas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, thiab tib yam yog muaj tseeb rau re. Vim yog cov tsis muaj cov khoom siv sib txawv, cov spheroiding zoo yog cuam tshuam. Cov neeg Sulfur cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kua hlau yog siab, txawm tias muaj ntau tus neeg sawv cev tsis huv, thiab cov "tshwm sim tau zoo, cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm kev ua kom zoo nyob rau theem lig ntawm pouring. Lub ntsiab hauv paus ntawm cov leej faj hauv cov thawj hlau ua kua yog: kev siv Coke lossis tus npua tshiab los yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb.

Cov Ntsuas Tiv Thaiv: Siv Hlau Hlau Nrog Cov Lus Sulfur Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tsawg Thiab Xa Rov Qab Thiab Coke; Kom paub cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus nqi ntawm pelletizing tus neeg sawv cev ntxiv thiab cov neeg Sulfur cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov thawj hlau hlau; Kev ntsuas kev ntsuas coj los ua ntej cov cua sov thiab cov khoom siv txau rau hauv cov hluav taws xob, ntxiv rau cov nplaim hluav taws xob hauv nruab nrab hauv cov pob zeb nodularization).

Kev cuam tshuam nodular invotioned nkag mus rau hauv tus nqi ntau dhau, xws li cov khoom siv tsis muaj zog, thiab tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam dab tsi los cuam tshuam nrog kev cuam tshuam kua roj, Txawm hais tias spheroidized, lub cev cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv hlau hlau yuav zoo li nkig. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov qt ntawm Qt 400-18 thiab tsawg-kub pab hlau, siab huv purity dub hlau yuav tsum tau xaiv.

4. Kev tso tsis raug cai ntawm cov hlau teeb

Thaum cov hlau tawm, cov hlau ua kua ncaj qha rushes rau ntawm cov hlau ua kua, tab sis kuj tseem ua rau cov pa tawm ntawm cov hlau, tab sis kuj tseem ua rau cov hlau nqus cov hlau ua kua rau mg.

Cov ntsuas tiv thaiv: Tso qhov chaw ntawm cov hlau hlau kom tsis txhob muaj cov hlau ua kua, kom cov hlau tsis txaus ntseeg

5. Cov tshuaj hlau pib maj mam pib

Yog tias cov kua ua kua yog qeeb dhau thaum pib thiab cov kua dej nce maj mam nyob hauv cov pob ntawv, thaum ib feem ntawm cov alloy yuav pib yaj thiab ces ntab. Vim tias luv luv ntawm cov npoo ntawm alloy thiab saum npoo ntawm cov kua hlau, muaj lub sijhawm kom yaj thiab hlawv cov kua hlau thiab muaj cua. Kev nqus cov mg hauv cov hlau ua kua tau txo qis.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Rau cov kua roj ua kua nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj hlau tawm sai sai Yuav ntab nyob rau hauv cov kua hlau los ntawm kev deb. Lub alloy floats, melts thiab yog tag nrho nqus los ntawm cov kua hlau. Tus nqi nqus ntawm cov khoom siv nodulating mg rau hauv nodulating tus neeg sawv cev yog siab, thiab zoo ntawm cov hlau zoo yog qhov zoo. Cov hluav taws xob ua kom yooj yim, pib tawm sai sai, qeeb los yog tsis muaj zog, yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau ruaj khov, kom deb li xub thawj thiab ces qeeb (nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw nres).

6. Kev thauj khoom ntawm nodulator dhau los yog cov kua hlau hauv lub qhov taub hau tsis tau khoob

Tom qab pouring, hauv qab ntawm lub ladle yog xim liab kub, thiab qhov kub yog siab dua 900 degree. Yog tias tus neeg sawv cev nodulizing yog thauj khoom tam sim ntawd, mg thiab re yuav plam ib feem ntawm lawv hauv qab qhov kub (muaj kev haus luam yeeb (muaj kev haus luam yeeb); Yog tias cov hlau ua kua hauv lub qhov taub lub qhov tsis muaj khoob, MG poob ntau dua. Ib qho ntxiv, lub superheed preheat ua kom sov yuav tseem txhawb lub cev yug me nyuam me me ntawm nodulator.

Kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas: Cia lub ladle txias rau ib lub sijhawm, sau cov nyuj ua ntej ua kua, ncuav qab zib ntxiv rau tom qab tom qab pouring, thiab ntxuav lub sleag hauv lub tsev.

7. Qhov kub ntawm spheroidized hlau kua yog tsawg dhau

Thaum qhov ntsuas kub ntawm Molten Hlau yog qis dua 1390 degree, lub alloy tsis yooj yim yaj, thiab theem no nyuaj rau ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Thaum lub caij ntab cov txheej txheem, vim yog qhov tsawg ntawm cov kua hlau, tus neeg sawv cev no tsis tuaj yeem ua rau ntab rau cov kua hlau kom yaj thiab hlawv.

8. Qhov kub ntawm spheroidized hlau daws yog siab dhau

Qhov kub ntawm nodulized hlau yog siab dhau, tus neeg sawv cev ntawm lub ntsej muag yog 100, tsis yog hais txog MG thiab Si Degree, tsis yog hais txog MG thiab Siod tej zaum yuav siab dua. Raws li qhov loj me ntawm cov casting thiab cov tuab ntawm lub cuab yeej cam khwb cia, thaum nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau noj cov kev kho kub thiab txias thiab kub thiab txias. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ntsuas kub ntawm cov kua hlau yog qhov ntau dhau, vim mg thiab re yog qhov ntsuas kub, kub thiab evaporation, txo tus nqi nqus.

9. Spheriding Tus Neeg Sawv Cev Me me hauv Lumpiness thiab Pulverized

Thaum cov kev ntseeg ntawm tus neeg sawv cev me me thiab pulverized ntev, kuj muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem, txawm tias tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm thawj ob peb lub thawv, thiab muaj kev nyuaj siab hauv ob peb lub thawv kawg.

Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv: Raws li qhov loj me ntawm cov kua hlau pob, uas yog, tus nqi ntawm cov kua hlau spheroiding, qhov loj ntawm cov pob zeb loj ntawm cov nodulator raug xaiv. Yog tias muaj ntau cov hmoov ntau heev, nws yuav tsum tau softed. Yog tias nodularization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau qeeb heev, cov hlau tuaj yeem siv los ua kom hnyav rau hauv cov hlau ua kua rau hauv kev txiav txim siab kom ceev cov kev tiv thaiv no.

10. Spheriding Tus Neeg Sawv Cev Thaiv yog loj heev

Tus neeg sawv cev nodulated block yog loj heev, thiab nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm ntug, tab sis floats rau ntawm cov kua hlau kom yaj thiab hlawv, thiab yog emitted rau hauv huab cua thiab khib.

Qhov kev xaiv ntawm lub lumpness ntawm nodulator yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov loj me ntawm cov kua hlau pob, uas yog, tus nqi ntawm cov kua hlau nolulator.

11. Tus nqi ntawm cov neeg sawv cev sib txawv ntxiv yog me me

Tus nqi ntawm nodulating tus neeg sawv cev ntxiv yog cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom kom tseev kom muaj, cov sulfur cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kua hlau, qhov loj me ntawm cov casting thiab lwm yam. Muaj ob qho laj thawj rau tus nqi ntawm nodulating tus neeg sawv cev ntxiv: Ua ntej, tus qauv yuav tsum muaj rau tus nqi ntawm ntxiv nws tus kheej yog me; Thib ob, cov pes tsawg ntawm cov kua hlau tsis zoo, thiab cov kua hlau ntau dua li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.

12. Cov pa oxygen hlau

Cov ntsiab lus oxygen ntawm cov kua hlau tom qab oxygen yog siab ntawm cov pa tsis txaus ntawm graphite, vim yog cov lej ntawm cov pa tawm ntawm graphite, thiab cov khoom seem uas muaj zog, vim yog qhov ntau ntawm cov duab hluav taws xob, yog qhov tseeb ntawm cov duab hluav taws xob, yog li noduluct Thiab cov tsis zoo yog tsis zoo.

Kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas: xyuam xim rau Coke tsawg (carbon) qhov siab ntawm lub cupola kom tiv thaiv tau kua hlau; Hluav taws xob hluav taws xob melting, tsis txhob siv cov roj oxidized ntau dhau, tsis yog qhov tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias Tom qab ob peb pob ntawm kev kho mob ntawm nodularization, thawj "pretreatment" yog tus neeg muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab lwm yam, rau kev kho kom zoo, thiab lwm yam ntxiv qee qhov noodulator.

13. Lub hauv paus loj sib piv thiab lub hnab ntim

(1) Qhov sib piv ntawm qhov tob h ntawm spheroidization pob rau DireC D yog: h / d=1. 5 ~ 2. Yog tias lub hnab ntim khoom siv tau siv los kho ib nrab ntawm lub hnab, nws yuav mus tawm tsam thawj lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua rog siab ntawm Warp kev sib tw.

(2) Qhov tob ntawm lub hnab ntim rau 20 ~ 30 hli tom qab coj tus neeg sawv cev ib nrab, thiab tuaj yeem txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm mg.

(3) Qhov dav ntawm lub qhov taub rau hauv qab ntawm lub hnab yog qhov zoo dua 1/4 txog 1/3 ntawm lub cheeb tsam me me ua rau ncua kev tawg.

(4) Tom qab ua tiav ntawm pouring, ntxuav lub shag hauv pob hauv lub sijhawm, kom txhua pob ntawm nodulating tus neeg sawv cev rau hauv lub qhov yog tib yam.

14. SpHeroidation poob qis los ntawm ntev ntev pouring lub sij hawm thiab lwm yam laj thawj

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm nodularization poob yog: zoo nodularization ua ntej lub cub tawg, tsis zoo ntawm lub ntsej muag; Los yog tib lub pob ntawm cov kua hlau, lub casting cam xim ua ntej yog qhov zoo ntawm spheroidization, thiab cov casting pov tom qab cov casting tsis zoo ntawm spheroidization. Cov kev poob qis poob peev los ntawm ntev ntev pouring lub sij hawm feem ntau coexists nrog kev poob inoculation inculation. Lub spheroidization zoo ntawm cov kua hlau tau txiav txim los ntawm tus nqi ntawm MG seem kom ntseeg tau spheridees ntawm graphite. MG muaj kev muaj zog muaj zog nrog O thiab S, MG thiab O los ua ke los ua MGO thiab hlawv. Tshwj xeeb, s, thaum s tov nrog mg los ua mgs slag, floats rau cov kua dej; Tom qab ntab rau ntawm cov kua dej, mg hauv mgs slag sib txuas nrog o nyob rau hauv huab cua los ua MGO thiab hlawv tawm; Thiab cais s rov qab mus rau cov kua hlau thiab sib xyaw nrog mg dua. Zoo li lub nkoj, s nyob rau hauv cov kua hlau ua mg rau hauv cov kua hlau rau saum huab cua thiab hlawv. Qhov no yog hu ua "Sulphur rov qab tshwm sim". Nrog kev txuas ntxiv ntawm pouring lub sijhawm, cov seem ntawm mg hauv cov hlau ua kua tiav zuj zus thiab tsawg dua. Nws tau qhia txog qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm pouring lub sijhawm, qhov hlawv poob ntawm mg hauv kua hlau yog}}}. 004% rau txhua 1min txuas ntxiv.

Kev daws: Yog tias lub sijhawm pouring tau txuas ntxiv rau qee qhov laj thawj, qhov tsim nyog tuab ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov kua hlau thiab cov huab cua, thiab txo cov mg hlawv hauv cov kua hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsim nyog cov kev ntsuas hauv cov kev ntsuas inoculation yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev loj hlob lossis raug tshem tawm (txhaws qhov kev loj hlob ntev), yog li nws cov duab yuav yog spheroidal.

15. Kev Rho Tawm

Los ntawm kev ntsuas kev sib tw, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias hauv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, cov ntsiab lus ferrulized yog qhov nce me me, thiab cov kab mob hlaws yog nce, lub xub ntiag muaj ntawm carbide. Qhov ua rau ntawm inoculation poob yog tias tus nqi ntawm inoculant ntxiv me me, lossis txheej txheem inoculation tsis zoo tag nrho. Vim tias muaj cov magnesium yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev sib tw, thiab cov khoom siv tau zoo los ntawm kev sib tham txog kev kho mob zoo li tsis tau them nyiaj rau kev kho mob.

Kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas: nce tus nyiaj ntxiv rau hauv Inoculant ntxiv; Siv cov inoculants ntev uas muaj barium thiab calcium; Cov compound inoculation kev ntsuas ntawm theem nrab incoculation, silicon inoculation thiab ntab cov inoculation tau txais.

16. Spheroiding lossis hliv dej ntub

Thaum cov kev kho mob nodulizing raug txhaj rau cov kua hlau, cov dej yog qhov yooj yim rau cov xim hlau, tab sis kuj yooj yim ua rau lub ntsej muag ua kua thiab tso tawm los tsim cov khoom tawg thiab pom qhov tsis xws luag.

17. Kev tswj hwm lub xaib

Cov kev tswj hwm thiab kev sib tw ntawm spheroiding tus neeg sawv cev tsis ua qauv, uas yuav muab sib xyaw nrog ferrosilicon. Qhov nyhav ntawm tus neeg sawv cev sab nrauv tsis pub, lossis daim tawv nqaij tsis raug tshem tawm, lossis qhov hnyav tsis yog lawm. Piv txwv li, qhov khoom lag luam zoo heev ntawm cov hlau pleev xim hlau nyob rau hauv lub Hoobkas tau ruaj khov, yog ob qho hluav taws xob ua hmo ntuj, nws yuav raug faib ua ke ntawm cov av, ua rau cov cua sov silicon rau hauv av, ua rau muaj kev sib tw ntawm cov av. Ib qho ntxiv, lub sijhawm khaws cia ntawm nodulating tus neeg sawv cev ntev dhau thiab cia tsis zoo, cov oxidating tus neeg sawv cev yuav tsis muaj zog ntawm cov nyhuv nodulating thiab cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm nodulating tus neeg sawv cev.

Qhov saum toj no yog hais txog ntawm nodular kho txoj kev kho mob thiab cov laj thawj tsis zoo, cia siab tias txhua tus ua kom muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog, xaiv lawv tus kheej cov kev siv tsis zoo

Cov kev cai theej tawm yog tus sau. Rau kev ua lag luam luam tawm, thov hu rau tus kws sau ntawv rau kev tso cai. Rau cov tsis ua lag luam luam tawm, thov qhia qhov chaw.

ZhongweI precision muaj cov kev pabcuam hauv qab no

Nrhiav Kom Tau Lub Tshuab

Tooj liab Silica Sol Peev Casting

Peb yog cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm "gs 500-7 duter hlau castings", yog tias koj xav tau cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv thov hu rau peb!