Gear Powder Metallurgy Pressed Parts

Product Description

Raws li ib feem tseem ceeb kis tau tus mob, lub zog ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv tsheb. Qhov ceev thiab hardness ntawm lub iav yog ze ze rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov txheej txheem kev npaj. Advanced compaction technology tsub kom qhov ntom ntawm hmoov compacts thiab txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm hmoov metallurgy khoom; Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov tseeb qhov tseeb ntawm Gear hmoov metallurgy nias qhov chaw tuaj yeem txhim kho, thiab cov duab tuaj yeem ua tau ntau dua. Hauv qab no thawj zaug tham txog cov txheej txheem tshiab hmoov metallurgy thiab nws qhov cuam tshuam rau lub zog.

1. 1 Sov compression sib sau

Kev siv tshuab sov so yog ib qho tshiab nruj tuag tsim tshuab tsim nyob rau hauv 1990s thiab industrially thov los tsim high-strength hlau-raws li hmoov metallurgy qhov chaw. Cov thev naus laus zis no tsis tsuas yog tswj hwm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom lag luam siab thiab qhov tseeb qhov tseeb ntawm cov txheej txheem molding ib txwm, tab sis kuj ua rau kom qhov ntom ntom ntawm qhov chaw (7.20-7.35g / cm3) ntawm tus nqi qis dua. Vim qhov nce ntawm qhov ntom ntawm qhov chaw, nws cov cuab yeej siv dav dav tau txhim kho zoo heev, thiab cov peev txheej ntawm daim ntawv thov tau nthuav dav sai, tsim cov xwm txheej rau muab kev ua si tag nrho rau qhov zoo ntawm cov hmoov metallurgy.

Lub densification ntawm sov-nias tshuab yog tsuas yog ua tiav los ntawm kev txo cov kev ua hauj lwm hardening tus nqi thiab degree ntawm cov hlau hmoov hais nyob rau hauv lub sov-pressing kub, thiab txo cov yas deformation kuj ntawm hlau hmoov hais. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem kuj tuaj yeem ua rau kom qhov ntom ntom. Sintered hlau-raws li qhov chaw nrog lub zog tensile ntawm 1500 MPa tau npaj kom deb li deb. Ford Motor Company tau siv lub thermobaric fluid hloov pauv ceev turbine hub nrog rau qhov hnyav ntawm 1.2kg ntawm lub cav. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem sov so yog los tsim cov khoom siv hlau-raws li cov hmoov hlau metallurgy qhov chaw ntawm tus nqi qis, thiab nrhiav qhov sib xyaw ua ke zoo dua ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab tus nqi rau cov khoom siv tsheb. Qhov zoo ntawm kev kub nias yog: siab ntsuab ntom thiab sintered ceev, siab ntsuab zog, tsis tshua muaj demoulding siab, thiab me me elastic tom qab.

1. 2 Kev kub ceev nias

Sweden tsim cov txheej txheem rau kev kub ceev nias. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov txheej txheem no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau cov khoom siv high-density thiab loj-scale hmoov metallurgy qhov ntau tshaj 5kg. Nws ua rau cov hmoov yuav tsum tau compressed nyob rau hauv 20ms, thiab qhov ceev yuav tsum tau ntxiv los ntawm ntau compressions nyob rau hauv 300ms. Raws li cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, kev kub ceev ceev tuaj yeem tawg los ntawm cov kev txwv ntawm cov hmoov metallurgy tam sim no. Kev sib sau xovxwm ib txwm xav tau kev sib sau siab, thiab kev tsim siab yog txwv los ntawm tonnage ntawm cov xovxwm, thaum lub siab ceev nias tsis raug rau qhov kev txwv no. Cov hmoov ntom ntom raws li ua ntej-alloying thiab diffusion alloying tuaj yeem ncav cuag 7.4-7.7g/cm3. Qhov kev tsim technology tshiab no tsis ntev los no tau qhia rau hauv kev lag luam hmoov metallurgy. Txoj kev nruj ntawm kev kub ceev nias feem ntau yog qhov tseeb los ntawm cov nthwv dej poob siab tsim los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob horsically. Qhov loj ntawm lub rauj thiab qhov ceev ntawm nias txiav txim siab qhov loj ntawm qhov cuam tshuam lub zog thiab qib ntawm qhov ntom ntom. Vim yog hydraulic tswj, kev nyab xeeb kev ua haujlwm siab. Los ntawm kev tswj cov txheej txheem kom raug, qhov tsis yog-axial springback tuaj yeem zam qhov tsis xws luag ntawm microscopic ntawm ntsuab compact. Rau high-ceev nias, nws muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau yam pressings yam tsis muaj ib tug tseem ceeb nce nyob rau hauv qhov ceev ntawm rov qab pressings tom qab thawj nias nrog cov pa presses. Vim tias qhov cuam tshuam lub zog ntawm 4kJ yog tib yam li ntawm ob lub zog cuam tshuam ntawm 2kJ, qhov nrawm nrawm yog tib yam. Yog li ntawd, ib lub xovxwm nruab nrab tuaj yeem siv los ua kom muaj qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom. Ntau qhov kev poob siab tseem tuaj yeem ua tiav sai vim tias lub sijhawm luv ntawm txhua qhov kev poob siab tsawg dua 300ms. Cov xovxwm no tuaj yeem siv lub khoos phis tawj los tswj cov hlab ntsha tawg thiab cuam tshuam lub zog ntawm lub rauj, thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom nias los ntawm nws yog qhov pib zoo ib yam li cov txheej txheem tsim ib txwm muaj.

Qhov ntom ntawm cov tsoos hmoov compacts yog qhov qis hauv nruab nrab thiab siab ntawm ob qho kawg, uas tuaj yeem yooj yim ua rau ntau lub shrinkage nyob rau hauv nruab nrab tom qab sintering thiab cuam tshuam rau qhov tseeb qhov tseeb ntawm qhov chaw. Cov khoom nias ntawm kev kub ceev muaj qhov sib npaug sib npaug ntau dua. Tom qab sintering, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov nruab nrab thiab qhov kawg yuav me dua, uas yuav txhim kho qhov sib xws ntawm qhov loj me. Yog tias kev sib sau ua haujlwm siab ua ke nrog lwm cov txheej txheem, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yuav raug txhim kho zoo heev. Qhov ceev ntawm ASTALOY CrM pre-alloyed hmoov nrog cov ntsiab lus carbon ntawm 0.4 feem pua ​​tuaj yeem ncav cuag 7.5g / cm3 tom qab kev kub ceev, thiab lub zog tensile tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1220 MPa tom qab kub kub sintering ntawm 1250 degree, thiab lub zog tensile tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1380 tom qab sintering thiab hardening ntawm 1120 degree. MPa. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhov chaw nias ntawm kev kub ceev tau mus txog qib siab dua. Raws li cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hmoov sib sau ua ke thiab hmoov forging, high-speed pressing muaj qhov pom tseeb zoo. Vim nws cov nqi ua tau zoo, nws muaj ntau yam kev siv. Tshwj xeeb, nws cov txiaj ntsig yog: muaj kev lag luam loj thiab muaj ntau yam ntawm ob peb ntu tuaj yeem tsim tawm (ntev diamere digie nce mus rau 6.0) . Lub high-speed pressing tshuab tseem nyob rau hauv kev txhim kho tas li. Nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, nws tsuas tuaj yeem tsim qhov yooj yim xws li cov kab ncaj nraim tsis muaj cov kauj ruam, tab sis tam sim no nws tau tsim ntau qhov nyuaj uas tuaj yeem tsim ib kauj ruam. Txawm li cas los xij, lwm qhov chaw uas muaj ntau cov duab tsis tuaj yeem tsim tau tam sim no, uas tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb vim li cas kev siv tshuab high-speed pressing yog txwv.

1.3 Sinter hardening

Sintering hardening yog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov hmoov metallurgy sintering thiab quenching cov txheej txheem kho cua sov los txhim kho cov khoom siv, txhawm rau txo cov nqi. Cov txheej txheem sinter hardening tuaj yeem txuag cov txheej txheem tom qab sintering thaum tshav kub kub kho, thiab tib lub sijhawm tuaj yeem tau txais lub zog siab thiab siab hardness, yog li txo cov nqi tsim khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ntxhov siab sab hauv siab yuav raug tsim tawm thaum lub sij hawm quenching thiab cov khoom yuav raug deformed, uas yuav ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev tswj qhov ntev ntev ntawm cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem sintering hardening, vim tias qhov txias txias tom qab sintering yog qis dua li ntawm quenching, qhov deformation tuaj yeem txo qis. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem sinter hardening yog tsim rau qhov loj thiab nyuaj-puab qhov chaw uas nyuaj rau lis. Sinter hardened steels feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov khoom nruab nrab mus rau qhov siab ceev. Feem ntau, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm sinter hardening hlau hmoov yog molybdenum, manganese, chromium, tooj liab thiab npib tsib xee. Cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj cov alloying cov ntsiab lus muaj txaus siab hardenability yuav hardened thaum sintering txias. Tom qab sintering thiab hardening, lub metallographic qauv ntawm cov hlau feem ntau yog martensite, ntxiv rau ib tug me me ntawm nplua pearlite, bainite thiab khaws cia austenite; nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab lub sijhawm sintering, tej zaum yuav muaj ib qho me me ntawm cov nickel-nplua nuj cheeb tsam. Raws li cov xwm txheej tiag tiag ntawm sintering thiab cov kev cai tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom, cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg raug kho kom raug, thiab qhov yuav tsum tau muaj zog thiab kev ua tau zoo tuaj yeem tau txais tom qab txias. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv qhia, ntau tus sintered hardened iav tau siv rau kev sib kis mechanisms xws li tsheb. Piv nrog rau cov txheej txheem ib txwm ua, nws txo cov nqi tsim khoom, tab sis tsis txo qhov kev ua tau zoo. Cov Gear hmoov metallurgy nias qhov chaw muaj qhov tseeb qhov tseeb, tsis tshua muaj suab nrov, siab zog, hnav tsis kam thiab corrosion kuj. Lub zog ntawm Ningbo Dongmu (NB TM) Co., Ltd. yog hardened los ntawm sintering, qhov ceev yog ntau dua 7.0 g / cm3, thiab lub hardness yog ntau tshaj HRC40 tom qab tempering. Piv nrog rau cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj, tus nqi raug txo los ntawm 10 feem pua, thiab qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm quenching deformation yog txo.

1. 4 Kub kub sintering

Kub kub sintering yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntsuas los txhim kho lub zog. Los ntawm kev kub kub sintering, ib feem ntawm cov oxide tuaj yeem txo qis, qhov diffusion ntawm atoms tuaj yeem nce ntxiv, thiab qhov sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem nce ntxiv, thiab cov pores tuaj yeem ua tiav spheroidized thiab qhov pore qhov sib txawv tuaj yeem loj dua. Nws yog tsim rau cov hmoov metallurgy tshiab xws li high-speed steel, stainless hlau, thiab high-temperature alloys. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, qhov ceev, txhua yam khoom, axial / rotational dabtsi yog khoov qaug zog, corrosion kuj thiab lub cev lub cev ntawm ib feem tuaj yeem txhim kho. Txawm li cas los xij, kuj tseem muaj qee qhov tsis zoo, xws li cov khoom siv poob ntau ntxiv, kev siv hluav taws xob ntau ntxiv, nce cov nqi kho cua sov, txo cov khoom tsim tawm, nce qhov deformation, txo coaxiality ntawm qhov chaw, qis qis qis, thiab lwm yam teeb meem txheej txheem. Yog li ntawd, high-temperature sintering ntawm hmoov metallurgy qhov chaw yuav ua rau ib co nqi ntxiv. Rau cov khoom siv hlau, kev kub siab sintering yog tsim rau cov xwm txheej hauv qab no: cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau kub-kub sintering, xws li tshiab silicon-muaj hlau-raws li cov ntaub ntawv, high-kev ua tau zoo stainless hlau; high-temperature sintering yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los yog tsuas yog txoj kev uas tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua; high-temperature sintering tuaj yeem txo cov txheej txheem lossis lwm yam khoom siv, xws li hloov cov xovxwm thib ob rau thawj nias; pre-alloying los yog pre-mixed hmoov sintering, nyob rau lub sij hawm no, vim qhov txo ntawm ib co oxides, lub alloying degree nce, hardening kev ua tau zoo, thiab cov neeg kho tshuab zog zoo. Ib qho laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm tsis ruaj khov ntawm sintered iav yog kev sib cais ntawm cov hmoov sib xyaw. Los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias sintering, cov nyhuv ntawm kev sib cais tuaj yeem txo qis lossis tshem tawm. Kev kub siab sintering yog tsim nyog rau qee cov ntaub ntawv, ntawm qhov tod tes, cov ntaub ntawv uas twb muaj lawm tsis ncav cuag lawv lub peev xwm thaum sintering ntawm qis dua. Txhawm rau kom siv tag nrho cov peev txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no, uas xav kom lawv muaj qhov pom tseeb siab, muaj kev cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb thiab lub zog tensile, kub kub sintering yuav tsum tau siv. Hmoov metallurgy qhov chaw nrog cov khoom no yuav muaj kev sib tw heev; txawm hais tias raws li kev txheeb xyuas txawv teb chaws, qhov kub thiab txias sintering yuav nce tus nqi li ntawm 10 feem pua ​​​​rau 15 feem pua.

1.5 Infiltration

Infiltration yog yaj lwm cov ntaub ntawv (tsuas yog tooj liab rau hlau-raws li sintered qhov chaw) thaum lub sij hawm sintering txheej txheem thiab infiltrate rau hauv lub cev sintered nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm capillary thiab lub ntiajteb txawj nqus los txhim kho qhov ceev thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm ib feem. Feem ntau, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv raw yog siab, thiab tooj liab diffuses mus rau hauv lub cev pob txha matrix thiab tsim cov kua theem ntau thaum lub sij hawm infiltration, thiab qhov loj me me hloov pauv. Copper-infiltrated iav ntawm Ningbo Dongmu tuam txhab muaj qhov loj ntawm 2700 g thiab qhov siab ntawm ntau tshaj 70 hli; Tom qab sintering thiab infiltration kev kho mob, lub hardness ntawm lub iav yog HRB85 thiab tag nrho cov ceev yog 7.3 g / cm3.

Hlau Txhaj Moulding txheej txheem

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